TRS 151 TM IntelliBond| Effects of heat stress and dietary zinc source selection on performance and mammary epithelial integrity of lactating dairy cows
Heat stress in dairy cows reduces the ability of cows to deal with an LPS intramammary challenge and results in a strong decrease of dry matter intake, feed efficiency and milk production. Trace mineral source may have an impact on the ability of dairy cows to deal with heat stress. Selko IntelliBond Z was compared to Zn methionine in cows subjected to heat stress. Cows supplemented with Selko IntelliBond Z had a slightly higher milk fat production, a slight reduction of systemic inflammation and a slightly lower permeability of the mammary epithelium.
TRS 141 TM IntelliBond | TM Replacing inorganic trace minerals with Selko IntelliBond improves digestibility of key nutrients in beef cattle under tropical conditions
Several studies have shown that Selko IntelliBond trace minerals for cattle are less soluble in the rumen compared with inorganic sources such as sulphates. Reducing trace mineral solubility can significantly reduce the concentration of metal ions. High concentrations of certain metal ions can negatively affect the microbial digestion of fibre and other diet components in the rumen, thereby reducing the amount of energy available to the animal. A study in cattle fed diets typical for tropical conditions showed that complete replacement of sulphate-based trace minerals with Selko IntelliBond C, Z and M improves dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and crude protein digestibility in beef cattle diets. The improvements in nutrient digestion when hydroxide trace minerals are fed suggests that inorganic trace minerals are inhibitory to fibre-digesting microbes and/or that Selko IntelliBond supplementation is not inhibitory to fibre-digesting bacteria allowing for optimised fibre digestibility.
TRS 121 TM IntelliBond | The complete replacement of inorganic trace mineral sources (sulphates) with Selko® IntelliBond® C, Z and M can improve NDF and DM digestibility in cattle diets.
Over the past decade, multiple, independent research studies in ruminants have shown that Selko IntelliBond hydrochloride trace minerals are significantly less soluble in the rumen compared with inorganic sources. This difference reduces the concentration of ionized trace metals in the rumen, that have a negative impact on NDF and DM digestibility of cattle. Seven studies providing 11 comparisons were used in a quantitative analysis to determine whether trace mineral source of Cu, Zn and Mn affected NDF and DM digestibility of cattle. It was concluded that complete replacement of sulphate-based trace minerals with Selko IntelliBond C, Z and M improves NDF and DM digestibility in beef and dairy cattle diets. These digestion improvements suggest that inorganic trace minerals, such as sulphates are inhibitory to fibre digesting microbes and/or that Selko IntelliBond supplementation is not negatively impacting beneficial cellulolytic bacteria.
TRS 75 TM IntelliBond | Steers fed a high grain diet supplemented with Selko® IntelliBond® trace minerals have improved volatile fatty acid profiles
Previous research in cattle comparing the solubility of various organic and inorganic trace minerals sources has shown that Selko IntelliBond C (Cu) and Z (Zn) and M (Mn) were relatively insoluble at higher pH, but highly soluble at lower pH (>4.0), resulting in increased trace metal absorption and improved rumen function and fibre digestibility. Mineral source did not affect total nutrient digestibility in a high grain diet in this study. The study showed that supplementing steers Selko IntelliBond trace minerals did positively alter Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) profile, possibly as an effect of Selko IntelliBond Cu and Zn being significantly less soluble in the rumen.
TRS 71 TM IntelliBond | Selko® IntelliBond® and Selko® Optimin improve fibre digestibility in dairy cows relative to supplementation with inorganic minerals
Supplementing Selko IntelliBond hydroxy trace minerals significantly improves total tract NDF digestibility in dairy cows. The purpose of this study was to further evaluate Selko IntelliBond trace minerals compared to sulphate trace minerals across multiple digestibility components of dairy cows (Dry Matter Digestibility, Organic Matter Digestibility, Neutral Detergent Fibre Digestibility and Acid Detergent Fibre Digestibility) and to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of inorganic trace mineral source with Selko Optimin organic trace minerals. Supplementing Selko IntelliBond hydroxy trace minerals to dairy cows significantly improved all digestibility components compared to feeding sulphate minerals. Feeding dairy cows Selko Optimin at 30% of total supplemental trace minerals also significantly improve all digestibility components.
TRS 63 TM IntelliBond | Effect of zinc source on nutrient digestibility, zinc absorption and zinc retention in lambs
Selko IntelliBond hydroxy trace minerals for ruminants have strong covalent bonds and a unique crystalline structure that provides a proven source of copper, zinc and manganese to ruminants. Advantages of Selko IntelliBond include low rumen reactivity, high bioavailability and high mineral content. A study showed that lambs receiving supplemental zinc from Selko IntelliBond Z had greater dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility compared with lambs receiving supplemental zinc from zinc methionine.
TRS 50 TM IntelliBond | Selko® IntelliBond® trace minerals support oxidative balance and inflammatory status in transition dairy cows
It has been proven that Selko IntelliBond sources of trace minerals have improved bioavailability and will enhance the oxidative status and performance of dairy cows in early lactation, compared to sulphate sources of trace minerals. Holstein dairy cows were fed Selko IntelliBond trace minerals, equivalent amounts of sulphate trace minerals or a mixture of sulphates with organic trace mineral sources. The trial lasted between 21 days prior to calving and 28 days into lactation. Feeding Selko IntelliBond trace minerals improved oxidative status, reduced plasma haptoglobin levels and resulted in an increase of milk production.
TRS 39 TM IntelliBond | Selko® IntelliBond® trace minerals improve fibre digestibility in lactating dairy cows
Selko IntelliBond hydroxy trace minerals for dairy cattle have strong covalent bonds and a unique crystalline structure that provides a proven source of copper, zinc and manganese to dairy cattle. Selko IntelliBond hydroxy trace minerals are characterised by a low rumen reactivity. Differences in rumen solubility between trace mineral sources can impact fibre digestibility. Selko IntelliBond trace minerals were compared to sulphates in a trial in Holstein dairy cows, fed two different type of diets. Fibre digestibility and milk fatty acid composition was impacted by trace mineral source, suggesting Selko IntelliBond trace minerals did not inhibit rumen fermentation compared to sulphate mineral sources. Both trace mineral source and diet type altered milk fatty acid composition, suggesting differences in ruminal fermentation and fatty acid digestibility. Furthermore, fatty acid profile shifts for cows fed sulphate sources of trace minerals compared to cows fed Selko IntelliBond may reflect potential shifts in cellulolytic bacteria.
TRS 04 FS TMR | Selko TMR Dry and Selko TMR liquid efficacy test
Testing efficacy of Selko TMR liquid and Selko TMR dry on microbial development and temperature control. In a recent in-vitro lab test, the aim was to determine the efficacy of Selko TMR Dry and Selko TMR Liquid in controlling Total Mixed Ration (TMR) nonbeneficial microbial development and heating. The results of the test proved to be highly successful, showcasing the effectiveness of both products within a 24-hour period.
TRS 07 FS TMR | Selko TMR Dry in Autumn Italy
Once an animal is 30 days into lactation, the quality of the roughage is the only variable that can be used to improve performance. Selko TMR Dry can be used to improve quality of roughage at feeding and is therefore an essential product to improve sustainability of dairy farming. This study was performed at a well-managed farm, with high milk production and high hygiene standards but were having challenges in keeping the TMR fresh and prevent the heating of TMR even in the autumn season.
TRS 01 FS TMR | Selko TMR Liquid is non-corrosive
This Trial Report Summary explores the efficacy of Selko-TMR, a mix of organic acids designed to inhibit yeast activity in total mixed rations (TMR), preserving the feed's nutritional value. It compares Selko-TMR's metal corrosiveness with water and propionic acid, revealing Selko-TMR's similarity to water in terms of corrosiveness, based on a 27-day test.
TRS 02 FS TMR | Selko TMR effectively inhibits Saccharomyces cerevisiae
This Trial Report Summary examines the effectiveness of Selko-TMR versus potassium sorbate in controlling yeast proliferation in Total Mixed Rations (TMR). Through microbiological research, it highlights the rapid fermentation and nutritional degradation caused by yeast in TMR. The study finds that while low levels of both substances show no inhibition of S. cerevisiae, higher concentrations (starting at 0.06%) significantly reduce yeast activity, with Selko-TMR demonstrating a more potent effect.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Increase milk production by preserving the nutritional value of the dairy ration with Selko TMR
Growth of micro-organisms in a Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for dairy cows reduces both the palatability and feeding value of TMR. Mitigate the growth of microbes in TMR to prevent heating is a critical step in proper silage management. In this study, cows were suffering from heat stress and a good TMR quality helps cows to cope better with heat stress and maintain milk production. Although feed intake was not different in this study, dairy cows fed the treated TMR tended to have a more moderate milk production decline after peak production compared to the controls. As a result, the Selko TMR group tended to produce up to 1.7 kg/day more milk compared to the controls.
Selko EAAP Abstract | The effect of Selko Vivalto on milk production of highly productive cows
Several researchers have shown that B-vitamin supplements can improve milk yield, composition, and metabolic efficiency in highly productive dairy cows. Feeding a blend of fat protected B Vitamins to high yielding dairy cows has the potential to improve production performance over the transition period. The results of this study suggest high yielding dairy cows can benefit from B Vitamin supplementation over and above what is thought to be produced in the rumen.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Reducing energy consumption to dry alfalfa using Selko Fylax Forte HC – a field trial
Italian hay’s exporter harvest alfalfa on the field and then dry it in an industrial dryer. Targeting for a higher moisture level to reduce energy consumption for drying while maintaining shelf life can be a challenge but can lower the costs. The aim of this study was to reduce dryer’s energy consumption while preserving the product’s shelf life by proper moisture management in a challenging condition. This trial showed that the use of Fylax Forte HC was effective in keeping alfalfa bales stable even at higher moisture levels which brought benefits in term of potential increase in volumes and reduced energy consumption.
TRS 111 TM IntelliBond | Selko IntelliBond trace minerals improve in vitro rumen fermentation compared to sulphate trace minerals
Compared to Selko IntelliBond, sulphate trace minerals reduce apparent organic matter disappearance (aOMD) in a 48 hour in vitro fermentation system. The use of Selko IntelliBond increased aOMD over both controls with no trace minerals added and the sulphate trace minerals. Sulphate trace minerals also increased apparent partitioning factor compared to Selko IntelliBond.
TRS 91 TM IntelliBond | Impacts of Selko IntelliBond copper, zinc and manganese on mature bull trace mineral status and spermatozoa characteristics.
Selko IntelliBond improved Cu and Zn status in breeding sires compared to anorganic trace minerals. Supplementation of bulls with Selko IntelliBond improved semen quality. Sperm progressive motility and concentration were increased.
TRS 70 TM IntelliBond | Selko IntelliBond trace minerals may improve feed intake and fibre digestion in lactating Holstein cows on a corn silage diet
Corn silage with higher NDF results in improved milk yield over conventional silage. Cows fed Selko IntelliBond have increased DMI (+0.6kg/day) and NDF digestion (+0.29kg/day) when compared to cows fed sulphate trace minerals. Selko IntelliBond trace minerals tend to improve NDF digestibility (+2.0 points).
TRS 92 TM IntelliBond | Effects of simulated rainfall on metal loss from three different trace mineral sources.
Selko IntelliBond trace minerals have significantly less metal loss than sulfate and organic sources when tested in a simulated 2 and 4 inch rainfall event in both a simple salt-based formulation and a complete free-choice mineral mix.
TRS 37 FS TOXO-XXL | Selko Toxo®-XXL reduces the chronic adverse effects of Fusarium mycotoxins in dairy cows
Trial carried out by Professor Gallo from the Piacenza University. Cows were challenged with Fusarium mycotoxins. If they were fed TMR with Selko Toxo XXL, milk production increased by 1.72 kg per day and the milk was more suitable for cheese production.
Selko Research Article | Effects of Supplementation of a Mycotoxin Mitigation Feed Additive in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Fusarium Mycotoxin-Contaminated Diet for an Extended Period
This study assessed the impact of a mycotoxin mitigation product (MMP) on lactating dairy cows exposed to Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated diets for an extended period. The MMP, containing smectite clays, yeast cell walls, and antioxidants, was found to mitigate mycotoxin-related negative effects on milk yield and quality, particularly in terms of protein, casein, and lactose. While the mycotoxin diet led to lower milk yield and feed efficiency, MMP limited the adverse effects on clotting parameters. The results shed light on mycotoxin risks for dairy cows' performance, milk quality, and cheese-making traits, emphasizing the benefits of MMP supplementation. Further research is needed to assess immune-metabolic responses and diet digestibility.
Selko Research Article | Enhancing dairy cow performance and fertility with prepartum and postpartum Selko LactiBute supplementation
D. J. Seymour, M. V. Sanz-Fernandez, J. B. Daniel, J. Martín-Tereso, and J. Doelman
Supplementing dairy cattle with Selko LactiBute (HFCG) before and after calving yielded promising results. Cattle receiving HFCG both pre- and postpartum had increased milk protein, fat, and energy-corrected milk yields during weeks 4 to 9 of lactation. Conversely, cattle receiving HFCG exclusively postpartum showed higher yields during weeks 9 to 14 of lactation. Additionally, prepartum HFCG led to earlier pregnancy confirmation. These outcomes suggest potential benefits in improving milk production and reproductive outcomes, possibly by reducing gut inflammation and affecting energy balance.
Selko Research Article | Enhancing dairy herd performance with Selko LactiBute supplementation
M.V. Sanz-Fernandez, D.J. Seymour 1, J.B. Daniel, J. Doelman, J. Martín-Tereso:
Selko LactiBute (HFCG) supplementation was studied in six commercial dairy herds with 907 lactating Holstein cows. HFCG, designed for hindgut fermentation, improved milk yield (3.6%), protein content (1%), protein yield (4.6%), and lactose yield (3.4%). It also showed a tendency to increase energy-corrected milk (3.1%). The analysis confirmed the effectiveness of HFCG in enhancing farm-level performance, rectifying underperformance relative to predictions during the control period. This study underscores HFCG's potential as a prebiotic supplement for improving dairy cow productivity and milk composition in commercial settings.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Early lactation trial with Selko Vivalto
Numerous studies have suggested supplementing B vitamins can have positive impacts on performance and reproduction. The objective of this study was to test the impact of a blend of fat encapsulated B Vitamins (Selko Vivalto, FeB) on dry matter intake, milk yield and milk components in high performing dairy cattle. The treatment group received FeB from 4 days in milk till 200 days in milk. Feeding a blend of fat protected B Vitamins to high yielding dairy cows has the potential to improve production performance and overall feed efficiency. The results of this study suggest high yielding dairy cows can benefit from B Vitamin supplementation over and above what is thought to be produced in the rumen.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Impact on milk production of feeding Selko Renergy during pre and post-partum period
The impact of a mixture of organic acids (Selko Renergy, MOA) on milk production was tested in a trial with 4 groups of 18 cows. The organic acids were fed to a pre-partum group from day -21 until calving, to a post-partum group from calving until 28 days in milk and continuously from -21 to 28 days in milk, whereas 1 group served as a controls. Feeding the mixture of organic acids both pre and post-partum significantly improved post-partum ECM production over no feeding the organic acid mixture.
TRS 06 FS TMR | Selko TMR Liquid Kempenshof trial
Preserving Total Mixed Ration (TMR) with Selko TMR benefits dairy cow milk production during high-temperature periods. Heat stress can reduce dry matter intake (DMI), affecting overall performance. In this study, despite a slight decrease in DMI during the adaptation period, cows fed TMR with Selko-TMR produced 1.7 kg/day more milk than the control group. This positive trend extended to milk protein, fat, and lactose yield. While milk fat and protein levels remained consistent, the use of Selko TMR helped maintain milk yield and overall herd performance during heat stress conditions, making it a valuable choice for dairy farmers.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Mycotoxin-deactivating Selko Toxo XXL supplementation in dairy cows fed Fusarium-contaminated diet
Limited scientific evidence on Fusarium mycotoxins impact is available in dairy cow performance and health, especially after longer exposition time. Also, information on the effects of these mycotoxins on milk cheese-making parameters is very poor. The objective of this study was to evaluate Selko TOXO® XXL in lactating dairy cows fed a Fusarium-mycotoxin contaminated diet, and the repercussions on cows’ health status and feeding behaviour, milk yield and quality, in term of cheese-making traits. The mycotoxin contaminated diet had a lower milk yield and feed efficiency than the Controls and TOXO-XXL diets.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Impact of Selko IntelliBond and water/feed deprivation on performance and metabolism of grass-fed beef
Two studies investigated how sources of Cu/Zn (including Selko IntelliBond) and 48-hours water/feed deprivation affects performance and metabolism of grass-feed beef cattle. Water/feed deprivation were able to impact nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation parameters. After deprivation, animals receiving Selko IntelliBond were able to compensate, recovering BW faster, resulting in no performance differences between deprived and unrestricted feed and water. Additionally, Selko IntelliBond increased liver Cu and increased dry matter intake and neutral detergent fiber digestibility, although no changes in performance were observed when compared to inorganic trace minerals.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Life cycle assessment of Selko IntelliBond on the carbon footprint of a dairy farm
Pressure from milk processors on farmers to reduce their carbon footprint continues to increase. Thus, a life cycle assessment accessing the impact of Selko IntelliBond trace minerals was conducted by an independent, third-party expert, to determine its impact on the carbon footprint of dairy cattle. Data from this evaluation indicates that a reduction of the carbon footprint of 1.5-2.0% per kg of ECM can be expected when sulphates are replaced by Selko IntelliBond.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Effect of Selko LactiBute on hindgut dynamics and nutrient partitioning
Selko LactiBute containing rumen protected calcium gluconate (RPCG) fed as a dietary supplement has been consistently shown to increase milk and component yields in dairy cattle under both research and practical conditions. These responses are thought to be mediated by improvements in post-ruminal barrier function upon fermentation in the hindgut. Although its exact mechanism of action is currently unknown. Evidence from the available studies point to beneficial effects at different levels. The beneficial effects of RPCG on milk performance might be partially mediated by an improved barrier function, reducing the energetic requirements of intestinal damage and leaky gut, allowing for improved whole-body bioenergetics, and ultimately increased performance.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Selko LactiBute improves lactational performance
The effect of rumen protected calcium gluconate (Selko LactiBute) was tested in 3 dairy farms. Milk recording data were compared to predicted production based on genetic potential of each of the 3 dairy herds included in the trial. On all three dairy herds the persistence of milk production in cows fed rumen protected calcium gluconate was improved with up to 1.8 kg of extra milk per cow per day under standard conditions and up to 2.7 kg per cow per day when facing a respiratory disease challenge.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Effect of Selko IntelliBond and other mineral sources on 48-h in vitro fermentation
Four trials investigated the impact of trace mineral (TM) sources on in vitro fermentation. The first trial compared copper, zinc, and manganese inclusion between sulphate and Selko IntelliBond. The second trial assessed various manganese sources. The third trial examined different manganese sources, while the fourth trial focused on zinc sources. Selko IntelliBond showed promise in improving microbial biomass production and organic matter disappearance, suggesting its potential benefits in enhancing in vitro fermentation compared to other sources.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Effects of Selko LactiBute supplementation on lactation performance and fertility in multiparous dairy cattle
This study investigates the impact of Selko LactiBute supplementation (HFCG) on dairy cattle during the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Selko LactiBute potentially reduces inflammation and enhances energy status. While no significant effects on culling or production were observed, cows supplemented with Selko LactiBute tended to return to oestrus earlier and achieve peak lactation sooner, possibly improving fertility and reproductive outcomes.
Selko EAAP Abstract | The impact of Selko IntelliBond C and Selko Intellibond Z on performance and ruminal bacteria diversity
Two studies examined the impact of trace mineral (TM) source on grazing beef cattle. The first study with 120 Nellore males found that hydroxy TM (HTM) improved average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight compared to inorganic TM (ITM). In the second study with cannulated Nellore steers, HTM supplementation increased the abundance of certain ruminal bacteria, such as Prevotella 1 and Ruminococcaceae, while decreasing others like Fibrobacter. These findings suggest that HTM enhances both cattle performance and the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the rumen.
Selko EAAP Abstract | Rumen protected Selko LactiBute increases average daily gain of beef
Calcium gluconate, as a prebiotic, enhances hindgut health and has demonstrated benefits in dairy cattle, elevating milk production. A study in steers revealed that it increased volatile fatty acids in the caecum and colon. In a trial with beef calves on a Spanish farm, those fed Selko LactiBute (Rumen Protected Calcium Gluconate, RPCG) exhibited lower faecal pH (5.8 vs. 6.2), reduced faecal starch (15.6% vs. 19.7%), and increased daily weight gain (8% in females, 7% in males).
