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Managing trace minerals for beef cattle under bad weather conditions

The key takeaways from this article

  • Sulphate trace minerals are highly soluble, so they may clump togethter after exposure to moisture, resulting in a poor bio-availability
  • In case of exposure to rain, leaching of sulphate trace minerals into the environment can be significant.
  • Hydroxy trace minerals are highly insoluble, leaching to the environment in case of rain is minimal.

A significant proportion of the global beef cattle population lives on pasture. Almost every continent experiences widespread flooding regularly. Heavy rainfall and excessive flooding occurrs in Western Europe, China and parts of the USA. These bad weather conditions present a huge challenge to beef farmers, particularly if their cattle were living on pasture. A recent report published in the Journal Science Advances[1] suggests that most communities can expect that each degree of temperature rise will bring even more extreme wet conditions in the future.

Trace mineral management of cattle is one of the challenges that farmers are facing if their cattle is exposed to heavy rainfall. Davi Brito de Araujo from Trouw Nutrition presents some research findings that can help farmers dealing with this challenge.

Trace mineral supplements containing copper, zinc and manganese can clump together if exposed to moisture which can have a potential negative impact on their bioavailability. Next to that, there is the risk that metals such as copper, zinc and manganese leach when exposed to moisture. This makes them unavailable for the animal and increases the risk of environmental contamination with trace minerals.

Figure 1. Effect of copper, zinc and manganese source on cumulative metal loss from simple salt-based formulations during simulated rainfall events.

Figure 2. Effect of copper, zinc and manganese source on cumulative metal loss from complete free-choice mineral formulations during simulated rainfall events.

Results

Hydroxy trace mineral sources are known to less soluble compared to organic trace mineral sources and sulphates. As a result of this, the loss from initial concentration after exposure to 3 periods of rainfall within a period of 1 week was much less compared to the other two sources of trace minerals. This effect was more pronounced in simple salt-based trace mineral formulations for cattle as compared to complete free-choice mineral formulations for cattle.

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References

  1. Wiebusch, A. T., Silveria, M.L, Caramalac, L.S, Fernandes, H.J, and J. D. Arthington (2015). Effect of Cu, Zn, and Mn source on preferential free-choice intake of salt-based supplements by beef calves and precipitation-impacted metal loss. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 824, abstract 711.

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